A VA loan is a mortgage loan in the United States guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. The loan may be issued by qualified lenders.

The VA loan was designed to offer long-term financing to American veterans or their surviving spouses (provided they do not remarry). The basic intention of the VA direct home loan program is to supply home financing to eligible veterans in areas where private financing is not generally available. Eligible areas are designated by the VA as housing credit shortage areas and are generally rural areas and small cities and towns not near metropolitan or commuting areas of large cities.

The VA loan allows veterans 100% financing without private mortgage insurance or 20% second mortgage. A VA funding fee of 0 to 3.3% of the loan amount is paid to the VA and is allowed to be financed. In a purchase, veterans may borrow up to 100% of the sales price or reasonable value of the home, whichever is less. In a refinance, veterans may borrow up to 90% of reasonable value, where allowed by state laws.

As of January 1, 2006, the maximum VA loan amount with no down payment is $417,000 and can be as high as $625,500 in certain high cost areas. VA also allows the seller to pay all of the veteran's closing cost as long as the cost do not exceed 6% of the sales price of the home.

2009 VA County Loan Limits for High-Cost Counties

The Department of Veterans Affairs’ Loan Guaranty program does not impose a maximum amount that an eligible veteran may borrow using a VA-guaranteed loan. However, the following county “limits” must be used to calculate VA’s maximum guaranty amount for a particular county. These limits apply to all loans closed January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2009. 2010 county loan limits will be made available as soon as possible.

The maximum guaranty amount (available for loans over $144,000) is 25 percent of the 2009 VA Limit shown below. Therefore, a veteran with full entitlement available may borrow up to the 2009 VA Limit shown below and VA will guarantee 25 percent of the loan amount. If a veteran has previously used entitlement that has not been restored, the maximum guaranty amount available to that veteran must be reduced accordingly. Lenders should check their own investor requirements regarding guaranty amounts and down payments. Questions about VA loans in a particular county may be directed to the VA Regional Loan Center (RLC) listed for that county .